Menaquinone-4 exerts a protective effect against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice by alleviating ferroptosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate whether menaquinone-4 （MK-4） can exert a protective effect against carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）-induced acute liver injury （ALI） in mice by alleviating ferroptosis. MethodsAfter adaptive feeding， adult male ICR mice， aged 8 weeks， were divided into Control group， MK-4 group， CCl4 model group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour）， and MK-4+CCl4 group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour）， with 6 mice in each group. The mice in the Control group were given intraperitoneal injection of an equal dose of corn oil； the mice in the MK-4 group were given intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg MK-4 solution， followed by an equal dose of corn oil after 1 hour； the mice in the MK-4+CCl4 group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour） were given intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg MK-4 solution， and after 1 hour， the mice in this group and the CCl4 model group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour） were given intraperitoneal injection of 0.3 mL/kg CCl4 solution， with samples collected at 6， 12， and 24 hours. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of mouse liver； Prussian blue staining was used to observe iron accumulation in liver tissue； a biochemical analyzer was used to measure the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase （AST） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT）； related kits were used to measure the levels of tissue iron content and the oxidative stress indices malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione （GSH） in liver homogenate； RT-PCR was used to measure the expression levels of ferroptosis marker genes （acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 ［ACSL4］， prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 ［PTGS2］， and glutathione peroxidase 4 ［GPX4］） and iron metabolism-related genes （hemojuvelin ［HJV］， transferrin receptor 1 ［TFR1］， and ferroportin ［FPN］）， and Western blot was used to measure the protein expression level of GPX4. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsIn the aging study， compared with the Control group， the CCl4 model group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour） had significant increases in liver weight coefficient and the serum levels of ALT and AST （all P<0.05）， and HE staining also showed that liver injury gradually aggravated over time. Meanwhile， compared with the CCl4 model group （6-hour， 12-hour， and 24-hour）， the MK-4+CCl4 （12-hour） group had significant reductions in liver weight coefficient and the serum levels of ALT and AST （all P<0.05）， with a reduction in the necrotic area of liver tissue， and therefore， 12-hour mouse tissue samples were used for detection in the following study. Compared with the Control group， the CCl4 group had a significant increase in MDA and a significant reduction in GSH （both P<0.05）， and compared with the CCl4 group， the MK-4+CCl4 group had a significant reduction in MDA and a significant increase in GSH （both P<0.05）. Compared with the Control group， the CCl4 group had significant increases in the key ferroptosis indices ASCL4 and PTGS2 and a significant reduction in GPX4 （all P<0.05）； compared with the CCl4 group， the MK-4+CCl4 group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of ASCL4 and PTGS2 and a significant increase in the mRNA expression level of GPX4 （all P<0.05）. Western blotting showed that compared with the Control group， the CCl4 group had a significant reduction in the protein expression level of GPX4 （P<0.05）， and compared with the CCl4 group， the MK-4+CCl4 group had a significant increase in the protein expression level of GPX4 （P<0.05）. Prussian blue staining showed that compared with the Control group， the CCl4 group had a significant increase in iron accumulation； after MK-4 intervention， compared with the CCl4 group， the MK-4+CCl4 group had a significant reduction in iron accumulation. As for the measurement of iron metabolism genes in mouse liver， compared with the Control group， the CCl4 group had a significant increase in iron content， significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of FPN and HJV， and a significant increase in the mRNA expression level of TFR1 （all P<0.05）； after protection with MK-4， there was a significant reduction in iron content， significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of FPN and HJV， and a significant reduction in the mRNA expression level of TFR1 （all P<0.05）. ConclusionMK-4 intervention in advance can alleviate CCl4-induced ALI in mice， possibly by inhibiting ferroptosis and improving the expression of iron metabolism-related genes in mouse liver.

Expanding initial anti-HBV therapy for chronic hepatitis B: Reducing the treatment threshold of alanine aminotransferase / 临床肝胆病杂志

In order to achieve the global goal of eliminating viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030 proposed by the World Health Organization, it is of great importance to expand the treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients. Recent studies have shown that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is associated with liver inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and outcome events of liver disease. Besides, as a strategy for expanding antiviral therapy, reducing the treatment threshold of ALT can reduce the occurrence of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related death. In the Expert opinion on expanding antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B published in China in 2022, the treatment indication for chronic hepatitis B patients was updated to positive serum HBV DNA and ALT above the treatment threshold (30 U/L for male and 19 U/L for female), with the exclusion of other causes.

Research advances in the impact of phthalates on cholestatic liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Cholestatic liver disease is a common hepatobiliary disease caused by bile deposition in the liver due to the disorders of bile production, excretion, and metabolism. At present, the pathogenic factors for cholestatic liver disease have not been fully elucidated, but some researchers believe that environmental factors may play an important role in it. As environmental pollutants, phthalic acid esters (PAE) have been confirmed to interfere with human endocrine system, exert a potential toxic effect on the human body, endanger liver and kidney function, and increase the risk of intrahepatic cholestasis. On this basis, this article reviews the association between PAE and cholestatic liver disease and summarizes related clinical studies, animal experimental studies, in vitro experimental studies, and potential mechanisms, so as to provide ideas and references for the prevention and clinical treatment of cholestatic liver disease.

Incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in Chinese children: a meta-analysis / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To systematically evaluate the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in Chinese children, so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and early intervention. 【Methods】 Literature databases such as PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were searched in terms of the incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in Chinese children from January 2000 to December 2022. Two researchers extracted literature data independently according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducted quality evaluation of included studies according to AHRQ quality evaluation scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software. 【Results】 A total of 870 literatures were retrieved, and 13 were included in the study, with a total of 181 274 cases with blood transfusion. Meta-analysis showed that the overall incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in Chinese children was 0.79%[95%CI (0.54%, 1.04%)]. The incidence of adverse reactions of red blood cells, platelets and plasma were 0.34%[95%CI (0.15%, 0.54%)], 2.94%[95%CI (1.60%, 4.28%)] and 0.31%[95%CI (0.19%, 0.43%)], respectively. The incidence of fever reaction and anaphylaxis reaction were 0.22%[95%CI (0.13%, 0.31%)] and 0.46%[95%CI (0.30%, 0.61%)] respectively. 【Conclusion】 The overall incidence of adverse transfusion reactions in Chinese children is low, but the incidence of adverse reactions of platelet transfusion is high, which needs further prevention and control.

Bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and sarcopenia： New insights and perspectives / 临床肝胆病杂志

‍Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a group of highly heterogeneous diseases closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. Sarcopenia is a syndrome caused by a continuous decline in muscle mass， strength， and function， and it is often accompanied by NAFLD. Insulin resistance is the main pathological mechanism for sarcopenia and NAFLD， and in addition， factors such as changes in proteins and branched‍-‍chain amino acid， hyperammonemia， intestinal flora， and endocrine dysfunction can also lead to sarcopenia and NAFLD. With the deepening of clinical research， many published prospective studies have confirmed the existence of a bidirectional and complex pathophysiological relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD. This article reviews the bidirectional relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD， discusses the common pathogenesis of sarcopenia and NAFLD， summarizes the challenges faced in this field， and proposes new directions for the research on the bidirectional relationship between NAFLD and sarcopenia.

Progress of methyltransferase-like 3 in breast cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), as the most important methylase of N6-methyladenine (m6A),plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer by influencing various regulatory mechanisms, such as methylation level, mRNA stability of cancer-related genes, oncogene expression and cancer cell signaling pathways. This paper reviews the regulatory mechanism of METTL3 in breast cancer and summarizes the latest research progress of METTL3 in the development and progression of breast cancer.

PXR activation impairs hepatic glucose metabolism partly via inhibiting the HNF4α-GLUT2 pathway

Drug-induced hyperglycemia/diabetes is a global issue. Some drugs induce hyperglycemia by activating the pregnane X receptor (PXR), but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that PXR activation induces hyperglycemia by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism due to inhibition of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α)‒glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) pathway. The PXR agonists atorvastatin and rifampicin significantly downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, and impaired glucose uptake and utilization in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of PXR downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, while silencing PXR upregulated HNF4α and GLUT2 expression. Silencing HNF4α decreased GLUT2 expression, while overexpressing HNF4α increased GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. Silencing PXR or overexpressing HNF4α reversed the atorvastatin-induced decrease in GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. In human primary hepatocytes, atorvastatin downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α mRNA expression, which could be attenuated by silencing PXR. Silencing HNF4α downregulated GLUT2 mRNA expression. These findings were reproduced with mouse primary hepatocytes. Hnf4α plasmid increased Slc2a2 promoter activity. Hnf4α silencing or pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) suppressed the Slc2a2 promoter activity by decreasing HNF4α recruitment to the Slc2a2 promoter. Liver-specific Hnf4α deletion and PCN impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic glucose uptake, and decreased the expression of hepatic HNF4α and GLUT2. In conclusion, PXR activation impaired hepatic glucose metabolism partly by inhibiting the HNF4α‒GLUT2 pathway. These results highlight the molecular mechanisms by which PXR activators induce hyperglycemia/diabetes.

Short-Term Visual Experience Leads to Potentiation of Spontaneous Activity in Mouse Superior Colliculus / 神经科学通报·英文版

Spontaneous activity in the brain maintains an internal structured pattern that reflects the external environment, which is essential for processing information and developing perception and cognition. An essential prerequisite of spontaneous activity for perception is the ability to reverberate external information, such as by potentiation. Yet its role in the processing of potentiation in mouse superior colliculus (SC) neurons is less studied. Here, we used electrophysiological recording, optogenetics, and drug infusion methods to investigate the mechanism of potentiation in SC neurons. We found that visual experience potentiated SC neurons several minutes later in different developmental stages, and the similarity between spontaneous and visually-evoked activity increased with age. Before eye-opening, activation of retinal ganglion cells that expressed ChR2 also induced the potentiation of spontaneous activity in the mouse SC. Potentiation was dependent on stimulus number and showed feature selectivity for direction and orientation. Optogenetic activation of parvalbumin neurons in the SC attenuated the potentiation induced by visual experience. Furthermore, potentiation in SC neurons was blocked by inhibiting the glutamate transporter GLT1. These results indicated that the potentiation induced by a visual stimulus might play a key role in shaping the internal representation of the environment, and serves as a carrier for short-term memory consolidation.

Analysis on self-evaluation health management service capability of primary medical staff in Zhejiang′s county-level medical alliances / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To measure with Zhejiang province as an example the situation of the self-evaluation health management service capability of primary medical staff in county-level medical alliances.Methods:A self-evaluation scale for health management service capability by primary medical staff was customized, covering 5 dimensions of professional attitude, interpersonal communication ability, comprehensive knowledge integration ability, professional practice ability and professional development ability, as well as 29 items. In July-September 2019, medical alliances were selected from three counties/cities based on economic development as the survey targets, and a total of 264 primary medical staff were surveyed. Quantitative data were described in mean and standard deviation, while qualitative data were described in composition ratio, and the differences were compared by Kruskal-Willis test.Results:The self-evaluation scoring of health management service capability of the primary medical staff was (59.75±18.64) points, and the average scoring of the items was (2.06±0.64) points. The scoring of knowledge integration (1.98±0.70)and professional practical ability (2.03±0.67) were lower than the average scoring of the items; gender and occupation type of primary medical staff present statistical significances in the self-evaluation scoring of health management service capability.Conclusions:Given the health management service capabilities of primary medical staff, they still need to upgrade their knowledge integration and professional practice capabilities. County-level medical alliances should enhance their training of health management knowledge and skills, promote doctor-nurse collaboration in health management services to broaden the depth of primary health management services.

POEMS syndrome presenting with abdominal distension, lower limb edema and shortness of breath: A case report and literature review / 中南大学学报(医学版)

POEMS syndrome is a rare paraneoplastic disorder. A 60-year-old female patient was admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (Changsha, China), complaining of abdominal distension, severe edema of both lower limbs and shortness of breath for more than 1 year. After intensive and careful medical investigations, the patient manifested with polyneuropathy, M-proteinemia, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypothyroidism, extravascular volume overload, sclerotic bone lesions, elevated VEGF and pulmonary hypertension. According to the latest diagnostic criteria of POEMS syndrome, this patient met two mandatory major criteria, two other major criteria and three minor criteria, the diagnosis was clear after ruling out differential diagnosis. The patient was treated with dexamethasone and lenalidomide, which relieved her clinical symptoms. The pathogenesis of POEMS syndrome is not fully understood; however, increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor may contribute to most of the clinical manifestations. This patient had been in physical discomfort for more than 14 months, which seriously affected her quality of life. Clinically, the awareness of early diagnosis and treatment of POEMS syndrome should be improved.

Molecular guidance cues in the development of visual pathway

70%-80% of our sensory input comes from vision. Light hit the retina at the back of our eyes and the visual information is relayed into the dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei (dLGN) and primary visual cortex (V1) thereafter, constituting the image-forming visual circuit. Molecular cues are one of the key factors to guide the wiring and refinement of the image-forming visual circuit during pre- and post-embryonic stages. Distinct molecular cues are involved in different developmental stages and nucleus, suggesting diverse guidance mechanisms. In this review, we summarize molecular guidance cues throughout the image-forming visual circuit, including chiasm determination, eye-specific segregation and refinement in the dLGN, and at last the reciprocal connections between the dLGN and V1.

Epidemiological characteristics of inhalational allergen in children with allergic rhinitis in Tianjin / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To analyze the results of the inhalational allergen detection in children with allergic rhinitis in Tianjin, and to understand the common allergens and their distribution.METHODS Mediwiss (Screen Allergy) was used to determine the specificity of allergen specific IgE in serum. According to sex, age, season, the distribution of allergens was described.RESULTS The most common inhalant allergens in Tianjin were mixed fungus(52.35%), followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(35.88%), dog dander(24.31%), cat dander(15.10%). The positive single allergen(59.03%) was most common, followed by positive double allergens(25.88%); The positive rate of the boy with inhalation allergen was higher than that of the girl; The positive rate of the inhalation allergen in the infant stage was significantly lower than that in the preschool, the school age, and the adolescent; In summer, the inhaled allergens positive rate was significantly higher than that in winter and spring, above differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Mixed fungus, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dog and cat dander are the most common inhalant allergens in children with AR in Tianjin area. The positive rate of allergens has certain regularity in sex, age and season.

Study progress of Tacrolimus treatment on steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a relatively difficult clinical type of treatment.The major therapy measures in present include steroid and immunosuppressant.Commonly used immunosuppressant include tacrolimus,cyclosporin,cyclophosphamide,mycophenolate mofetil,ect.Tacrolimus-induced clinical remission rate is superior to other immunosuppressive agents,has been the first-line agent of SRNS.Because of the individual difference in metabolism,the drug concentration of tacrolimus should be determined periodically.In order to obtain optimal efficacy of tacrolimus and reduce renal toxicity,the treatment protocols of small doses with long courses for children with SRNS were recommended.

miR-30a and renal pathophysiology / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

microRNAs play an important regulative role in body's growth and development,and the development of the disease process.Much microRNAs can maintain normal kidney function and regulate kidney pathological process,the miR-30a has extensive effect on kidney development and progression of renal diseases.In this review,a brief overview on the role of miR-30a in renal pathology is presented.

Differentially methylated genes in children with steroid-dependent or steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome:A bioinformatic analysis / 医学研究生学报

Objective Few researches have been reported on the gene methylation in children with steroid-sensitive nephrot-ic syndrome (SSNS) or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS).This study aimed to investigate the possible pathogenesis and therapeutic target of SSNS and SDNS by screening differentially methylated genes ( DMGs) and bioinformatic analysis using DNA meth-ylation microarray. Methods This study included 3 hospitalized children with SSNS and another 4 with SDNS, all treated with full dose of prednisone ( 2 mg per kilogram of the body weight per day or 60 mg per m2 per day).Negative urine protein was achieved within 4 weeks in the former group , while the latter , though sensitive to hor-monal therapy , relapsed within 2 weeks after drug withdrawal or dose reduction .DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the patients in both groups for screening DMGs and bioinformatic analysis using DNA methylation microarray . Results Compared with the patients with SSNS, 318 DMGs were found in the SDNS group , among which 193 were hypermethylated and the other 125 hypomethylated .These abnormal genes were mainly located in the open reading frame of DNA and the CpG island region .DMGs were mainly involved in Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity , nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity , GTPase activator activity , and other molecular functions .The biological processes were chiefly associ-ated with the regulation of the generation of precursor metabolites and energy , antigen processing and presentation , regulation of Rho and Ras protein signal transduction , lamellipodium assembly , regeneration , and other biological processes .The cell composition was mainly related to MHC protein complexes , perichromatin fibrils , and the MHC class I protein complex .Analysis of the KEGG signaling pathway showed that DMGs participated in 9 signaling pathways , involving type I diabetes , starch and sucrose metabolism , allograft re-jection, autoimmune thyroid disease , and others. Conclusion The heterogeneity of methylation is widespread in children with SDNS and may be one of the causes of steroid dependence , which has provided a basis for searching for potential therapeutic targets .

Effects of electroacupuncture at "Weizhong" (BL 40) on morphology and expression of CK and IL-17 in rats with bupivacaine-induced multifidus muscle injury / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Weizhong" (BL 40) on morphology and expression of creatine kinase (CK) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in rats with bupivacaine-induced multifidus muscle injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 32 male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a Weizhong group and a Shenshu group, 8 rats in each one. The rats in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with intramuscular injection of 0.5% bupivacaine to establish the model of multifidus muscle injury; the rats in the control group were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The rats in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were treated with EA (2 Hz/10 Hz in frequency, 1~2 mA in intensity) at "Weizhong" (BL 40) and "Shenshu" (BL 23), 20 min per treatment. No treatment was given in the control group and model group. After 14-day treatment of EA, the inflammatory cell count, scar tissues area and muscle fiber cross sectional area of multifidus muscle were observed with HE and Masson staining method. The activity of CK and serum content of IL-17 were test with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method; the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle was measured with immunohistochcmical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After intervention, the inflammatory cell count and scar tissues area in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were higher than those in the control group (all<0.01), but the muscle fiber cross sectional area was significantly reduced (all<0.01); the inflammatory cell count and scar tissues area in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were lower than those in the model group (all<0.01), and the muscle fiber cross sectional area was significantly increased (<0.01,<0.05). After intervention, the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle, serum content of IL-7 and activity of CK in the model group, Weizhong group and Shenshu group were higher than those in the control group (all<0.01); the expression of IL-17 in multifidus muscle, serum content of IL-7 and activity of CK in the Weizhong group and Shenshu group were lower than those in the model group (<0.01,<0.05); compared with the Shenshu group, the down-regulation of IL-17 was more obvisous in the Weizhong group (<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA at "Weizhong" (BL 40) can down-regulate the overexpression of serum CK and IL-17, alleviate inflammation reaction and improve the repair of multifidus muscle.</p>

The bioinformatics analysis of gene methylation for children steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective Through selecting abnormal DNA methylation of children steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome and bioinformatics analysis to find the pathogenesis of steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome and provide new targets for therapy. Methods We use illumine 450K methylation chip to detected blood gene DNA methylation of 9 cases of children primary nephrotic syndrome. 9 cases were divided into 2 groups: G1 is the group of steroid sensitive nephritic syndrome, a total of 4 cases; G2 is the group of steroid resistance nephrotic syndrome, a total of 5 cases. Selected the abnormal DNA methylation in children steroid resistant nephritic syndrome, clarified the function of those genes through using functional annotation of gene GO, enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, conducted the preliminary analysis on children with steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome of gene methylation. Results Compared with the control group, G2 has a number of genes that were extensively methylated. According to the results of bioinformatics analysis, the abnormal DNA methylation in G2 is the components of the various kinds of organelles and cell membrane. They also regulated the polymerization and composition of cytoskeleton and actin, as well as involved in the process of metabolism of many amino acids and drug. Conclusions The abnormal DNA methylation in the group 2 have extensive role, offering possibility of clinical prediction and provided potential therapeutic targets.

Analysis of IgM of pathogens of respiratory tract infection in 14 379 cases / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To detect the IgM antibodies and epidemiology of pathogens of respiratory tract infection in children ,and to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods The serum of 14 379 outpatient and inpatient cases in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from March 2015 to February 2016 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence ,and the respiratory tract in‐fections of different gender ,season ,age and pathogens were analyzed .Results Totally 3 392 specimens (23 .59% ) were positive for IgM antibody detection and the positive rate of MP with 18 .77% was highest ;361 cases were mixed infection ,mainly including two kinds of infection pathogens .The positive rate of respiratory pathogens in male with 21 .46% was significantly lower than in female patients with 33 .92% (χ2 = 274 .73 ,P < 0 .05) .The positive rate in different ages groups (0 - 30 d ,- 6 months ,- 1 years ,- 3 years ,- 9 years ,- 18 years) were 0 .2% ,1 .8% ,15 .36% ,34 .46% ,39 .73% and 30 .73% respectively ,the highest infection rate was found between 3 to 9 years old children ,and the differences among groups were statistically significant (χ2 = 1 407 .87 ,P<0 .05) .The highest rate of MP were found in autumn (24 .42% ) and winter (23 .01% ) ,the highest rate of Influenza B virus (IFu B) was found in spring (15 .13% ) ,the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila (LP) was high in summer (0 .78% ) and autumn (0 .80% ) .Comparison with the 15 departments ,the children of otolaryngology with the positive rate of 43 .9% was the highest . Conclusion The infection ratios of respiratory pathogens were related to gender ,season ,age and pathogen .These findings provided an important reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment in different seasons and population .

Risk perception of the public living in vicinity of nuclear power plant / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the attitude toward and perception of the risk of nuclear power plant among the public residing in vicinity of nuclear power plant,as well as the related factors.Methods A face-to-face interview on perceived radiation risks was conducted among 1408 individuals in Liangyungang City, Jiangsu Province.where the Tianwan nuclear power plant was under construction.The four groups was defined according to the distance between the residence of the subjects and the Tianwan nuclear power plant:<4 km,4- 8 km,8-30 km and 30-50 km.A was used to collect information on education,working history,religion, perception of major industries hazards especially nuclear power plant,and major factors may influence their perceptions.Ordinal logistic regression model was used to analyze the data.Results About 91.18% of the interviewee heard about the nuclear power plant,35.36% of them had knowledge about Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident,71.05% of them believed that the nuclear power plant had no negative effects on environments, 37.03% of them believed that the nuclear energy was safe.74.27% of them believed that it was necessary for China to develop nuclear energy.63.29% of them supported the construction of the nuclear power plant in local area.Ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed that the higher education,higher family annual income,male, economic benefits from the nuclear power plant construction,and trust in local government having competency to handling emergencies were positive factors;otherwise,impression on nuclear power plant of bad influences on environment and health were negative factors.An inverted U-shaped with a right tailing relationship between negative attitudes toward nuclear power plant and distance to the plant was found.Conclusions Education, gender,family annual income and expectation of economic benefit returns were the major factors influencing the perception of and attitudes toward nuclear power plant.More works needed to be done to mitigate the negative attitude of the residents in vicinity of nuclear power plant and enhance the public acceptability .

Observation of short-term curative effect of Suxiao Jiuxin Pill on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris / 中成药

AIM: To observe the short-term curative effect of Suxiao Jiuxin Pill on coronary heart disease (CHD) and angina pectoris. METHODS: 187 patients were divided into two groups at random:the treatment group with 105 cases and the control group with 82 cases. The treatment group was given Suxiao Jiuxin Pill 6 pills tid and the control group was given Compound Danshen Dripping Pill 6 pills tid orally. The treating period was 2 weeks. Before and after treatment angina pectoris was observed and electrocardiogram was determined. RESULTS: Suxiao Jiuxin Pill could significantly alleviate syndrome of CHD in patients, lessen electrocardiogram and decrease dosage of nitroglycerin. The total effective rate on angina pectoris and the effective rate in improving electrocardiogram was higher in treatment group than that in control group (P